Visa pathways
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Express Entry (FSW, CEC, FST)
Canada’s main skilled immigration system. You enter a pool ranked by CRS score; the highest-ranked candidates are invited to apply for permanent residence.
Provincial Nominee Program (PNP)
Provinces nominate candidates who fit their labour needs. An Express Entry-aligned nomination adds 600 CRS points.
Study permit
Study at a Designated Learning Institution. Eligible graduates can later apply for a Post-Graduation Work Permit.
Employer-specific work permit (LMIA / IMP)
Work for a specific Canadian employer, usually with a Labour Market Impact Assessment or an LMIA-exempt category.
Visitor visa (TRV) or eTA
Visit for tourism, family or business for up to 6 months. Visa-exempt nationals need an eTA to fly.
Spousal / partner sponsorship
A Canadian citizen or permanent resident sponsors their spouse, common-law or conjugal partner for PR.
Skilled Independent visa (subclass 189)
Permanent visa for points-tested skilled workers without sponsorship. Invitations go to the highest-ranked EOIs per occupation.
Skilled Nominated visa (subclass 190)
Permanent visa with state or territory nomination (+5 points). Each state publishes its own occupation lists and criteria.
Skilled Work Regional (subclass 491)
5-year provisional visa to live and work in regional Australia (+15 points), leading to permanent residence through subclass 191.
Skills in Demand visa (subclass 482)
Employer-sponsored temporary visa (replaced the TSS in Dec 2024) with Core Skills, Specialist Skills and Labour Agreement streams.
Student visa (subclass 500)
Study full-time at a CRICOS-registered course. Includes work rights during study.
Temporary Graduate visa (subclass 485)
Live and work in Australia after completing an eligible Australian qualification.
Visitor visa (subclass 600) / ETA / eVisitor
Visit Australia for tourism, business or family. Many nationalities can use an ETA or eVisitor instead.
Partner visa (subclass 820/801, 309/100)
For partners of Australian citizens, permanent residents or eligible NZ citizens; temporary first, then permanent.
Skilled Migrant Category Resident Visa
Residence for skilled workers with a job or offer from an accredited employer: 6-point pathway, Skilled Work Experience pathway, or Trades and Technician pathway.
Green List — Straight to Residence / Work to Residence
Occupations on the Green List can apply for residence straight away (Tier 1) or after 2 years’ work (Tier 2).
Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV)
Work for an accredited NZ employer for up to 5 years. The usual first step towards residence.
Fee Paying Student Visa
Study full-time in New Zealand with limited work rights.
Visitor Visa / NZeTA
Visit for up to 9 months. Visa-waiver nationals need an NZeTA instead.
Opportunity Card (Chancenkarte)
Up to 1 year in Germany to look for work, with up to 20 hours/week part-time work and trial employment allowed.
EU Blue Card (Germany)
Residence permit for university graduates (or experienced IT specialists) with a qualifying job offer; fast track to permanent settlement.
Student visa (Germany)
Study at a German university, many programs tuition-free at public universities.
Schengen short-stay visa (type C)
Travel across the Schengen Area for up to 90 days in any 180-day period for tourism, business or family visits.
Skilled Worker visa
Work for a UK employer with a sponsor licence; can lead to settlement (ILR).
Global Talent visa
For leaders or potential leaders in academia, research, arts, culture and digital technology. No job offer needed.
Student visa
Study at a licensed UK student sponsor. Graduates can switch to the Graduate visa.
Standard Visitor visa / ETA
Visit the UK for up to 6 months. Visa-exempt nationals need an Electronic Travel Authorisation.